Monday, August 24, 2020

The final decision for the international court of justice in the issue Essay

A ultimate choice for the universal official courtroom in the issue of the sea delimitations and domains between Qat - Essay Example As a matter of fact, Bahrain was the wealthiest spot in Gulf as a result of the rich exchange of pearl. Consequently, it was normal for clans to target Bahrain as the essential objective. Along these lines, in 1783, the Al-Khalifa family again assaulted Bahrain with the assistance of its inborn partners. This time they figured out how to viably attack Bahrain. In any case, there were such a large number of assaults in the pipeline and the region only occasionally stayed serene. In 1799, the Sultan of Muscat assumed responsibility for the spot and following three years, the spot went under Wahhabi control. In 1811, Al-Khalifa clan figured out how to return and recover its command over Bahrain. Issues began emitting in 1867 when the agent of Al-Khalife in Qatar got a man from a significant Wakra clan and sent back to Bahrain. Getting chafed over the activity, Wakra and Doha clans betrayed Al-Khalifa. In spite of the fact that the individual was discharged, another individual from the m ain Qatari clan was welcome to Bahrain and imprisoned. Additionally, the Al-Khalifa held hands with Sheikhs of Abu-Dhabi and attacked Doha and Wakra. As there was across the board devastation, Britain interceded in the issue and the issue was stifled (United Nations Staff, 45). So as to end the contention inside the Al-Khalifa family, Isa canister Ali Al-Khalifa from Zubara was brought by UK and made the leader of Bahrain. Over these years, the Al-Thani family had a developing impact over Qatar and Abdulla who governed the area somewhere in the range of 1913 and 1949 figured out how to sign a bargain of assurance with the British as Bahrain had done. As Charney et al depict, in the year 1925, Al-Khalifa gave concessions for oil investigation however it referenced nothing about the Hawar islands. After ten years, the Sheik of Qatar gave concession for oil investigation in places including Hawar. It was contradicted by Bahrain and Britain announced that Hawar lawfully had a place with Bahrain (3225). In the year 1936, Britain made the official assertion that the region had a place with Bahrain. In spite of the fact that there was solid restriction from Qatar, Britain didn't go astray from its choice. In the year 1947, Britain created a guide denoting the limits among Bahrain and Qatar, and as per the guide, Hawar had a place with Bahrain. In this manner, by mid 1960s, Bahrain allowed to an American oil organization to investigate oil in Hawar. Nonetheless, the solid dissent from Qatar carried the program to an end. In spite of the fact that a gathering was held between the Sheik of Qatar and Bahrain in 1967, they couldn't arrive at an answer. In the year 1937, Qatar endeavored to force charge on the Naim clan living in the Zubarah district. It was unequivocally contradicted by Bahrain which asserted power over the locale. While Bahrain asserted that Qatar illicitly tormented the Bahraini individuals, Qatar guaranteed that it was utilizing its position inside its own region to check unlawful exercises. This solitary declined the circumstance (United Nations, 119). Things turned more awful when the Shell Company distinguished the nearness of world’s biggest oil save in Qatari Gas Field. Before long, there came the case that Hawar would likewise have significant gas holds. After ten years, in 1982, Bahrain began military activities in Fasht Al-Deable, the contested zone close Hawar. In the year 1986, Bahrain began work in Fasht Al-Deable in the midst of solid dissent from Qatar. Qatar reacted by assaulting the spot and capturing the Bahrain laborers. Saudi Arabia mediated in the contest and an understanding was reached not to change

Saturday, August 22, 2020

The History And Background Of Rickets Health Essay

The History And Background Of Rickets Health Essay Rickets is an infection that is absence of nutrient D. It is for the most part occurring in winter and spring, and youngsters are anything but difficult to get the illness when they from 2 to 6 age gathering. In the event that the kids absence of nutrient D, their bones will turn out to be delicate. (1. Obscure, 2003) C:UsersDELLAppDataRoamingTencentUsers752503580QQWinTempRichOleBFU4MUDQ]H268WAGFZ_)}M.jpg Keywords: bones, youngsters, cod liver oil, debilitated kids, infections, young ladies, Glasgow Corporation, newborn children, medication, squeezed orange, general wellbeing, rickets, daylight, Vitamin D inadequacy History first and second century AD Soranus, a Roman doctor, is the individual who originally depicted hard deformations in the first and second century AD. He brought up that hard disfigurements more showed up in the small kids since Roman moms regularly absence of sustain and cleanliness. 1645 Daniel Whistler, an English doctor, is credited with the soonest individual who portrayed rickets. In 1645, he distributed a monograph titled Inaugural clinical that gave a depiction of the signs and side effects of rickets. A substitute term called Paedosteocaces was utilized to portray the clinical side effects of rickets. The signs and side effects of rickets included bone torment or delicacy, dental distortions postponed development of teeth, short height, weakened development, diminished muscle quality, and various skeletal deformations, including strangely molded skull (craniotabes), rib-confine irregularities (rachitic rosary), pigeon-toes, and breastbone, pelvic, and spinal disfigurements. (2. William C. Shiel Jr., 2012) 1650 Francis Glisson, a Cambridge doctor distributed in Latin a treatise on rickets titled De Rachitide. in 1650. Glissons work stays an exemplary among clinical writings. In contrast to Whistler, Glissons sound and rich perception of rickets depends on clinical and posthumous experience. 1909 Almost 2 centuries after the Glissonian period, there were no new advancements in the investigation of rickets. At the turn of the twentieth century, rickets was overwhelming among the oppressed newborn children living in industrialized urban communities of North in the United States and a few contaminated urban areas in Europe. In 1909, among newborn children year and a half or less who had passed on, Schmorl discovered histopathological proof of rickets in 96% (214 of 221) at dissection, featuring the inescapable idea of rickets during that period. In spite of the fact that it frequently occurred, the specific reason for rickets still indistinct. Inadequate eating routine, defective condition (poor cleanliness, absence of outside air and daylight), and absence of activity were completely involved in its etiology. (3. Kumaravel Rajakumar, 2003) Geology Rickets predominantly occur in anyplace. It is essential driver of absence of nutrient D. the rickets generally occur in the little youngsters. Initially, the daylight is a significant factor of fix rickets since daylight can encourage the amalgamation of nutrient D when human body introduction to daylight. Sniadecki, a doctors saw that youngsters living in Warsaw had a high frequency of rickets, though kids living in country territories outside Warsaw didn't Based on this perception, he pushed introduction to daylight as a methods for restoring this malady. (4. Obscure, 2012) Also, as per Sniadeckis assortments of sentiments that demonstrated the presence of rickets doesn't related with the economy however the areas of the individuals. The conclusions were from certain doctors in the British Empire and the Orient demonstrated that rickets was uncommon in kids living in poor urban areas in China, Japan, and India where individuals got poor nourishment and lived in dirtiness, while the offspring of white collar class and poor who lived in industrialized urban areas in the British Isles had a high frequency of rickets. (5. Jan 25, 2011) Culture Gathering For the most part little youngsters are anything but difficult to get rickets, particularly brown complexion individuals. Little youngsters need to eat food that incorporates nutrient D and they have to under the daylight over 15 moment consistently. Side effects The signs and side effects of rickets included bone torment or delicacy, dental deformations deferred development of teeth, short height, weakened development, diminished muscle quality, and various skeletal distortions, including anomalous molded skull (craniotabes), rib-confine irregularities (rachitic rosary), pigeon-toes, and breastbone, pelvic, and spinal disfigurements. (6. William C. Shiel Jr., 89[0d2012) Analyzed In the event that we discovered youngsters have tetany or seizures, X-beams of long bones (sweep, ulna, and femur) and ribs, they will get the rickets. (7. William C. Shiel Jr., 2012) Natural impact Contamination from industrial facilities can influence the rickets, in light of the fact that the natural contamination will hinder the suns bright beam. The suns bright beam is useful for our body. It can make our body creation of nutrient D to lessen the rickets. (8. Steven M Schwarz, 2011) Moral issues These days individuals who with hazily pigmented skin or live in industrialized northern urban areas and the youngsters in certain Arab nations who frequently spread dress and remain inside still in danger of rickets. Moreover, in tropical with radiant atmospheres, rickets still an issue in the urban communities like Calcutta, Johannesburg, and in for the most part African-American youngsters in the United States, since kids as a rule devour veggie lover or vegetarian diets and newborn children regularly have low degrees of nutrient D because of the lactating moms have low degrees of nutrient D. Albeit uncommon, eats less legitimately insufficient in calcium and phosphorus may likewise prompt rickets. (9. Obscure, 2012) Social impact Rickets can be discovered significantly more effectively in the creating nations or locales which without clean food and water. Rickets is a sort of bone structure mellowing malady, and it can at long last lead to breakage, cracks and deformation of the appendages and spine. Rickets normally is because of lack of healthy sustenance, particularly when nutrient D and calcium can't be got enough from the eating routine. On the off chance that babies can't get enough supplements, they possibly get rickets a lot simpler. Starvation, insufficient food consumption or a less than stellar eating routine likewise lead to rickets. In grown-ups, an outrageous insufficiency in nutrient D can cause osteomalacia as well. In the event that lack of healthy sustenance is the fundamental driver, projecting bones and muscles might be noticeable. What's more, whenever got from the get-go, rickets can be dealt with. The treatment for rickets brought about by lack of healthy sustenance should begin by treating the unhealthiness or malabsorption of nourishments. This implies following a solid eating regimen that incorporates entire grains, natural products, vegetables, protein and dairy. Another proposal is an unhealthy nourishing enhancement to advance and empower weight gain. Here and there specialist may likewise suggest nutrient D and calcium supplements with the exact dose, and alongside visit checking of calcium and nutrient D levels in the blood. (10. Julie Boehlke, 2011) Change operators Daniel Whistler Daniel Whistler is an English doctor. He is credited with the most punctual individual who portrayed rickets. In 1645, he distributed a monograph titled Inaugural clinical that gave a depiction of the signs and manifestations of rickets. A substitute term called Paedosteocaces was utilized to depict the clinical indications of rickets. (11. Kumaravel Rajakumar, 2003) Harry Steenbock In 1924, University of Wisconsin-Madison natural chemist Harry Steenbock found a strategy that introduction to bright light can build the nutrient D substance of specific nourishments, basically dispensing with the incapacitating state of rickets. (12. The Guardian, 2010) K. Huldschinsky In 1919, the German analyst K. Huldschinsky completed an astoundingly inventive analysis and relieved offspring of rickets utilizing misleadingly delivered bright light. (13. Obscure, 2009) Alfred F. Hess and L. F. Unger In 1921, specialists Alfred F. Hess and L. F. Unger of Columbia University initially demonstrated that by just presenting rachitic youngsters to daylight, they had the option to fix them of the ailment. (14. Obscure, 2009) Steenbock Perceiving that basically illuminating certain nourishments that were regular in many people groups diets could save enormous quantities of kids from the bone sickness, Steenbock licensed the food light procedure utilizing bright light in 1924, giving all future continues to help look into at the University of Wisconsin. (15. Obscure, 2009) Development The portrayal of conditions with hard disfigurements in antiquated clinical compositions goes back to the first and second hundreds of years. Notwithstanding rickets regular event, the specific etiology of rickets stayed slippery. An English doctor, Edward Mellanby made a progression of test study and hypothesized, It along these lines appears to be likely that the reason for rickets is a lessened admission of an antirachitic factor which is either fat-dissolvable An, or has a to some degree comparable dissemination to fat-solvent A. Despite the fact that his decision has before long been demonstrated wrong, His work still plainly settled the job of diet in the reason for rickets. In 1861, Professor Armand Trousseau, a French internist express that rickets was brought about by absence of sun presentation and a flawed eating routine, and cod-liver oil could successfully fix it. After numerous year further research and clinical preliminaries, by the 1930s, the utilization of cod-liver oil in the treatment and anticipation of rickets became basic spot. The inevitable general wellbeing counteraction activity of fortress of milk with nutrient D prompted annihilation of rickets in the United States. (16. Kumaravel Rajakumar, 2003) At the point when individuals get more data about rickets, they can consider how to forestall rickets. Contemporary uses and assets Rickets can be forestalled by expended adjusted and sustenance abstains from food. So as to forestall the rickets, nourishments that are high in calcium, (for example, milk, cheddar, and plate of mixed greens) and nutrient D, (for example, breakfast oats and squeezed orange) ought to be given (17). Proof has indicated that enhancements of 400 IU of nutrient D every day can be successful in forestalling the infections (18) Nutrient D inadequacy has become a difficult issue all through the world. In New Zealand, around 31% of kids matured in 5-14 years endure nutrient D defi

Friday, July 24, 2020

Jean Watson Theory Its Application in Practice

Jean Watson Theory Its Application in Practice Jean Watson’s Theory of Care Its Application in Nursing Practice Jean Watson Theory Its Application in Practice Jean Watson’s Theory of Care Its Application in Nursing Practice

Friday, May 22, 2020

William Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet - 1549 Words

One of Shakespeare’s most eminent plays, Romeo and Juliet is a tale revolving around a pair of star-crossed lovers whose premature relationship must go undiscovered because of their feuding families. However, in the arduous process of protecting its secrecy, several essential figures including Romeo, Friar Lawrence and the theme of fate play decisive roles that hold responsibility in the turnout of events that lead to a tragic conclusion. Romeo, the lover himself is rebellious and desperate for love. His impulsive personality towards love and marriage establishes danger not only upon himself but as well as his partner Juliet. Friar Lawrence is well-regarded, but his rashness, ignorance, and ill-advised thinking place both lovers in†¦show more content†¦Romeo is at fault as he doesn’t consider the consequences that are to emerge from his actions. Secondly, Romeo engages in a duel against Juliet’s cousin Tybalt, in which Tybalt is left slayed (III.iii.10). As a punishment, Romeo is banned from Verona and must stay hidden. As a result, Juliet is compelled to ask for advice from Friar Lawrence. The plan created by the Friar is convoluted and ineffective as Romeo returns to Verona assuming Juliet is dead. His impatience personality is exhibited as he commits suicide without waiting for any explanation leaving Juliet with a desire to kill herself. Lastly, Romeo is a character in this blame game largely due to his impulsive personality. When Romeo goes to the Friar for advice, the Friar says, â€Å"Holy Saint Francis, what a change is here!/ Is Rosaline, that thou didst love so dear,/ So soon forsaken? Young men’s love the lies/ Not truly in their hearts, but in their eye† (II.ii.65-68). As understood from this quote, Romeo is quick to change his emotions and he is forcing himself to believe he is in love with Juliet when he is trying to get past Rosalind. His impulsive and forceful character is portrayed as he proposes marr iage to Juliet very early in their relationship. Even Romeo himself says, â€Å"Amen, amen! But come what sorrow can,/...Do thou but close our hands with holy words,/ Then

Thursday, May 7, 2020

Green Marketing - 5158 Words

GREEN MARKETING Abstract: This report analyses the integration of environmental issues into the marketing planning by marketers and the strategies adopted by them to market their products and services. This study emphasises that â€Å"Proactive green marketers† adopting a free market system in their values are the most genuine group in implementing green marketing voluntarily and seeking competitive advantage through environmental friendliness. The study further delves in to the green consumer segment and the usage of marketing mix tools by marketers. From a marketing theory perspective, the logic of green marketing has been analysed by studying the relationships between marketing strategies and functions of a company. The results suggest†¦show more content†¦ONGC is the greenest company followed by Reliance Industries. Also according to global enterprise survey Indian respondents scored over respondents from 10 other countries in expecting to pay 5% more for green technology and it s benefits for the environment and return on investment(ROI) is proven. Concept of Corporate Environmentalism and Greening of Strategic Marketing: Wehrmeyer and Banerjee(1999) have analysed the greening of marketing strategies with implications for marketing theory and practice and further imply that strategic management process to the following conceptual framework of corporate environmentalism to analyse the hierarchy in strategic marketing. From the above structure it follows that, for a firm the enterprise strategy is the most important level of strategy that drives other levels. Enterprise strategy deals with the relationship of the firm and its environment and consequently conceptualisation of teh organisational environment becomes crucial to the theory and practice of marketing strategy. Further it has been argued that the corporate environmentalism has far reaching possible consequences affecting the firm, customers, employees, as well as society in general. Objectives of the study: The purpose of this study is to analyse the need to integrate social values and environmental issues into marketing strategies and clarify itsShow MoreRelatedGreen Marketing764 Words   |  4 PagesGreen marketing can be defined as promotional strategy designed to promote product or services based on environmental factors or awareness. Green marketing is different from the â€Å"marketing.† Organisation involved in green marketing take decisions relating to the systems, policies and processes of the organisation`s products (Brueckner 2010). In simple words, green marketing promote sustainable consumption. 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Finally, companiesRead MoreGreen Marketing3851 Words   |  16 PagesINTRODUCTION 2 2.0 OBJECTIVE OF GREEN MARKETING 3 3.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 3 3.1 Introduction 3 3.2 Green Marketing legislation 4 3.3 Evolution of Green Marketing 5 3.4 Benefits of Green Marketing 6 3.5 Reason Firms Use Green Marketing 7 3.5.1 Opportunities 7 3.5.2 Social responsibility 8 3.5.3 Governmental pressure 9 3.5.4 Competitive Pressure 10 3.5.5 Cost or profit Issues 10 3.6 Problems with green Marketing 11 3.7 Keys to Successful Green Marketing 12 3.7.1 Being genuine 12 3.7Read MoreMarketing Strategy For Green Marketing915 Words   |  4 Pages Marketing is not only about advertising, but it also covers the firm objectives and goal since the beginning before the product launched until the product is delivered to the customers. 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From the main strength of implementation, to analyze why our green marketing is backward, thinking the government should be the leading strength. On the base, the paper brings forward the principal measures government should strengthen and how toRead MoreGreen Marketing Examples2497 Words   |  10 PagesGREEN MARKETING PRACTICES OF INDIAN FIRMS Introduction According to the American Marketing Association, green marketing is the marketing of products that are presumed to be environmentally safe. Thus green marketing incorporates a broad range of activities, including product modification, changes to the production process, packaging changes, as well as modifying advertising. Yet defining green marketing is not a simple task where several meanings intersect and contradict each other; an example ofRead MoreGreen Marketing, Environmental Marketing And Ecological Marketing1289 Words   |  6 PagesNumerous individuals trust that green marketing alludes exclusively to the advancement or publicizing of items with ecological qualities. Accordingly green promoting consolidates an expansive scope of exercises, including bundling changes, changes to the generation process, item adjustment and in addition changing or altering publicizing. Almost all the governing institutes and regimes around the world have concerned about green marketing activities that they have endeavored to regulate them. ForRead MoreGreen Marketing Essay1966 Words   |  8 PagesGreen Marketing There is a student walking on the street on a chilly and raining night. She feels like to hold a cup of hot coffee in her hands to fight the chilliness. She walks directly toward Starbucks whenever an advertisement comes up to her mind. The advertisement says that the customers who bring their own cups will save ten dollars per cup at Starbucks. After a while, she holds a cup of coffee with satisfaction since she not only saved money but also did something good for the environment

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Zoe’s Tale PART I Chapter Four Free Essays

Let me tell you about that jade elephant. My mother’s name – my biological mother’s name – was Cheryl Boutin. She died when I was five; she was hiking with a friend and she fell. We will write a custom essay sample on Zoe’s Tale PART I Chapter Four or any similar topic only for you Order Now My memories of her are what you’d expect them to be: hazy fragments from a five-year-old mind, supported by a precious few pictures and videos. They weren’t that much better when I was younger. Five is a bad age to lose a mother, and to hope to remember her for who she was. One thing I had from her was a stuffed version of Babar the elephant that my mother gave to me on my fourth birthday. I was sick that day, and had to stay in bed all day long. This did not make me happy, and I let everyone know it, because that was the kind of four-year-old I was. My mother surprised me with the Babar doll, and then we cuddled up together and she read Babar’s stories to me until I fell asleep, lying across her. It’s my strongest memory of her, even now; not so much how she looked, but the low and warm sound of her voice, and the softness of her belly as I lay against her and drifted off, her stroking my head. The sensation of my mother, and the feeling of love and comfort from her. I miss her. Still do. Even now. Even right now. After my mother died I couldn’t go anywhere without Babar. He was my connection to her, my connection to that love and comfort I didn’t have anymore. Being away from Babar meant being away from what I had left of her. I was five years old. This was my way of handling my loss. It kept me from falling into myself, I think. Five is a bad age to lose your mother, like I said; I think it could be a good age to lose yourself, if you’re not careful. Shortly after my mother’s funeral, my father and I left Phoenix, where I was born, and moved to Covell, a space station orbiting above a planet called Omagh, where he did research. Occasionally his job had him leave Covell on business trips. When that happened I stayed with my friend Kay Greene and her parents. One time my father was leaving on a trip; he was running late and forgot to pack Babar for me. When I figured this out (it didn’t take long), I started to cry and panic. To placate me, and because he did love me, you know, he promised to bring me a Celeste doll when he returned from his trip. He asked me to be brave until then. I said I would, and he kissed me and told me to go play with Kay. I did. While he was away, we were attacked. It would be a very long time before I would see my father again. He remembered his promise, and brought me a Celeste. It was the first thing he did when I saw him. I still have her. But I don’t have Babar. In time, I became an orphan. I was adopted by John and Jane, who I call â€Å"Dad† and â€Å"Mom,† but not â€Å"Father† and â€Å"Mother,† because those I keep for Charles and Cheryl Boutin, my first parents. John and Jane understand this well enough. They don’t mind that I make the distinction. Before we moved to Huckleberry – just before – Jane and I went to a mall in Phoenix City, the capital city of Phoenix. We were on our way to get ice cream; when we passed a toy store I ran in to play hide-and-seek with Jane. This went smashingly until I went down an aisle with stuffed animals in it, and came face-to-face with Babar. Not my Babar, of course. But one close enough to him that all I could do was stop and stare. Jane came up behind me, which meant she couldn’t see my face. â€Å"Look,† she said. â€Å"It’s Babar. Would you like one to go with your Celeste doll?† She reached over and picked one out of the bin. I screamed and slapped it out of her hand and ran out of the toy store. Jane caught up with me and held me while I sobbed, cradling me against her shoulder, stroking my head like my mother did when she read the Babar stories to me on my birthday. I cried myself out and then when I was done, I told her about the Babar my mother had given me. Jane understood why I didn’t want another Babar. It wasn’t right to have a new one. It wouldn’t be right to put something on top of those memories of her. To pretend that another Babar could replace the one she gave me. It wasn’t the toy. It was everything about the toy. I asked Jane not to tell John about Babar or what had just happened. I was feeling out of sorts enough having just gone to pieces in front of my new mom. I didn’t want to drag my new dad into it too. She promised. And then she gave me a hug and we went to get ice cream, and I just about made myself throw up eating an entire banana split. Which to my eight-year-old mind was a good thing. Truly, an eventful day all around. A week later Jane and I were standing on the observation deck of the CDFS Amerigo Vespucci, staring down at the blue and green world named Huckleberry, where we would live the rest of our lives, or so we thought. John had just left us, to take care of some last-minute business before we took our shuttle trip down to Missouri City, from where we would go to New Goa, our new home. Jane and I were holding hands and pointing out surface features to each other, trying to see if we could see Missouri City from geostationary orbit. We couldn’t. But we made good guesses. â€Å"I have something for you,† Jane said to me, after we decided where Missouri City would be, or ought to be, anyway. â€Å"Something I wanted to give you before we landed on Huckleberry.† â€Å"I hope it’s a puppy,† I said. I’d been hinting in that direction for a couple of weeks. Jane laughed. â€Å"No puppies!† she said. â€Å"At least not until we’re actually settled in. Okay?† â€Å"Oh, all right,† I said, disappointed. â€Å"No, it’s this,† Jane said. She reached into her pocket to pull out a silver chain with something that was a pale green at the end. I took the chain and looked at the pendant. â€Å"It’s an elephant,† I said. â€Å"It is,† Jane said. She knelt down so that she and I were face-to-face. â€Å"I bought it on Phoenix just before we left. I saw it in a shop and it made me think of you.† â€Å"Because of Babar,† I said. â€Å"Yes,† Jane said. â€Å"But for other reasons, too. Most of the people who live on Huckleberry are from a country on Earth called India, and many of them are Hindu, which is a religion. They have a god called Ganesh, who has the head of an elephant. Ganesh is their god of intelligence, and I think you’re pretty smart. He’s also the god of beginnings, which makes sense, too.† â€Å"Because we’re starting our lives here,† I said. â€Å"Right,† Jane said. She took the pendant and necklace from me and put the silver chain around my neck, fastening it in the back. â€Å"There’s also the saying that ‘an elephant never forgets.’ Have you heard it?† I nodded. â€Å"John and I are proud to be your parents, Zoe. We’re happy you’re part of our life now, and will help us make our life to come. But I know neither of us would want you ever to forget your mother and father.† She drew back and then touched the pendant, gently. â€Å"This is to remind you how much we love you,† Jane said. â€Å"But I hope it will also remind you how much your mother and father loved you, too. You’re loved by two sets of parents, Zoe. Don’t forget about the first because you’re with us now.† â€Å"I won’t,† I said. â€Å"I promise.† â€Å"The last reason I wanted to give you this was to continue the tradition,† Jane said. â€Å"Your mother and your father each gave you an elephant. I wanted to give you one, too. I hope you like it.† â€Å"I love it,† I said, and then launched myself into Jane. She caught me and hugged me. We hugged for a while, and I cried a little bit too. Because I was eight years old, and I could do that. I eventually unhugged myself from Jane and looked at the pendant again. â€Å"What is this made of?† I asked. â€Å"It’s jade,† Jane said. â€Å"Does it mean anything?† I asked. â€Å"Well,† Jane said, â€Å"I suppose it means I think jade is pretty.† â€Å"Did Dad get me an elephant, too?† I asked. Eight-year-olds can switch into acquisition mode pretty quickly. â€Å"I don’t know,† Jane said. â€Å"I haven’t talked to him about it, because you asked me not to. I don’t think he knows about the elephants.† â€Å"Maybe he’ll figure it out,† I said. â€Å"Maybe he will,† Jane said. She stood and took my hand again, and we looked out at Huckleberry once more. About a week and a half later, after we were all moved in to Huckleberry, Dad came through the door with something small and squirmy in his hands. No, it wasn’t an elephant. Use your heads, people. It was a puppy. I squealed with glee – which I was allowed to do, eight at the time, remember – and John handed the puppy to me. It immediately tried to lick my face off. â€Å"Aftab Chengelpet just weaned a litter from their mother, so I thought we might give one of the puppies a home,† Dad said. â€Å"You know, if you want. Although I don’t recall you having any enthusiasm for such a creature. We could always give it back.† â€Å"Don’t you dare,† I said, between puppy licks. â€Å"All right,† Dad said. â€Å"Just remember he’s your responsibility. You’ll have to feed him and exercise him and take care of him.† â€Å"I will,† I said. â€Å"And neuter him and pay for his college,† Dad said. â€Å"What?† I said. â€Å"John,† Mom said, from her chair, where she had been reading. â€Å"Never mind those last two,† Dad said. â€Å"But you will have to give him a name.† I held the puppy at arm’s length to get a good look at him; he continued to try to lick my face from a distance and wobbled in my grip as his tail’s momentum moved him around. â€Å"What are some good dog names?† I asked. â€Å"Spot. Rex. Fido. Champ,† Dad said. â€Å"Those are the cliche names, anyway. Usually people try to go for something more memorable. When I was a kid I had a dog my dad called Shiva, Destroyer of Shoes. But I don’t think that would be appropriate in a community of former Indians. Maybe something else.† He pointed to my elephant pendant. â€Å"I notice you seem to be into elephants these days. You have a Celeste. Why not call him Babar?† From behind Dad I could see Jane look up from her reading to look at me, remembering what happened at the toy store, waiting to see how I would react. I burst out laughing. â€Å"So that’s a yes,† Dad said, after a minute. â€Å"I like it,† I said. I hugged my new puppy, and then held him out again. â€Å"Hello, Babar,† I said. Babar gave a happy little bark and then peed all over my shirt. And that’s the story of the jade elephant. How to cite Zoe’s Tale PART I Chapter Four, Essay examples

Monday, April 27, 2020

The Entertainemnt Industry Essays - Viacom Media Networks, MTV, CBS

The Entertainemnt Industry In the past five years, the entertainment industry has been more and more focused on the idea of reality-based entertainment. This vast desire for seemingly live television has made a great impact upon major network television stations. Shows such as MTV's Real World and CBS's Survivor are great indicators of society's obsession with drama in a ?live? situation. It seems our infatuation with these shows stems from our desire to focus our attention away from our own tribulations and focus on problems elsewhere. Our mysterious want for conflict among others has forced many networks to provoke such drama, for example in Survivor, where castaways are forced to take sides and vote another member off the island. This idea of social Darwinism in shows like Survivor and the ever so popular Big Brother force major networks to create entertainment that both provoke and stimulate disagreement among participants. Personally, I feel that because of television's fixation with reality-based programs, people are now turning to the movie industry to get away from such realistic forms of entertainment. Popular movies such as Bedazzled, The Ladies Man, and The Exorcist all deal with fantasy type situations. Bedazzled, starring Brendan Frasier and Elizabeth Hurley is about a man who sells his soul to the devil, played by Hurley. Moviegoers can simply escape reality for a few hours by entertaining themselves with themes such as this. Genres focusing on such fantasy are rarely seen on prime-time television these days, especially on the major networks such as FOX and ABC. Why is this? Well my impression is that people feel as if they deserve to come home and take their mind of the troubles they had for the day. By being able to watch shows such as ER, which ranked first among viewers this past week, people can direct their attention onto another person's drama while ignoring their own. Voyeurism today i s clearly an indicator of change in taste for viewers around the world. According to Time Almanac:1999, the top three shows of 1998 were Seinfeld, Veronica's Closet, and Friends. If you look at the top three shows during months while a reality based show is being aired, you will most typically find that show to be number one among viewers in the rankings. This growing trend of live-based entertainment is setting a new stage for twenty first century viewers today. Real-life issues however can be distorted at times when being seen second hand. MTV's Real World has been accused several times of editing their tape purposely to show conflict for the viewers. From my perspective, I do not see how you cannot purposely create conflict when you put seven completely different people into one house. Add cameras and you are guaranteed drama. This was the same for CBS's Big Brother this past season. Although the majority of time residents got along just fine, there were many scenes that focused on the personal problems of those living in the house. Whether it dealt with a crush on another member of the house, or a disagreement, viewers were able to relate their issues to those in the house, making them feel as if they are not alone. This is a primary reason why we see such an increase in reality-based television these days. If you analyze current rankings among primetime network shows, you will not find as many reality based shows. This is because seasons of both Survivor and Big Brother have just ended. New series' will be coming out sometime in 2001, where networks feel the impact will be even greater than last time. ABC's Who Wants To Be A Millionaire is however still one of the top syndicated shows in the industry today. This provides both a trivial and real life perspective for viewers out there. Unlike its other competitors in the world of ?live based? television, Who Wants To Be A Millionaire gives those who watch substance, instead of pure provoked conflict. Honestly, from my point of view, I feel the relationship between the movie industry and the contemporary issues in society do not represent each other at all. Movies in my opinion deal with much more with unrealistic themes. Either when talking about comedy, or horror-based

Thursday, March 19, 2020

Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps OROTC Program Essay Example

Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps OROTC Program Essay Example Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps OROTC Program Essay Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps OROTC Program Essay The Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps OROTC program can be a Journey of life changing experiences that can and will build character and leadership. I am currently a freshman and I am enrolled in the JROTC program at Boca Ciega High School, and at first I wasnt sure what to expect and who I would encounter. Throughout my year so far being a cadet, I am being challenged physically, mentally, and emotionally. But I was able to learn more about teamwork and leadership through this short span. The curriculum consists of practical exercises that directly target an individuals leadership and character. JROTC has taught me what I would not have learned in any other class in high school. Older cadets have overcome fears and have formed lifelong friendships and unforgettable memories. And I do intend on being like my role models in this program. Overall, they have found that JROTC has molded a sense of character within them Just it has for me. JROTC unque because it uses a clear chain of command that consists of the students (cadets) themselves. The fact that the organization is cadet-run is great, because it gives us the independence for us to make decisions that impact us directly and because of that, we are free to make the organization our own. Personally, I gained more confidence, better people skills, great grammar, how to talk in a large number of groups, and personality. JROTC brings out the best in me and my fellow cadets because of the high level of maturity expected of them from the instructors and the huge student participation in running the program. The program also prepares us or life after high school, helping us to learn our personality types and how to interact with other types. We also learned to respect ourselves and others when wearing uniform and when we are not. We learn to step outside our comfort zone and become acquainted with the world around us; the world we are to survive in after graduation. Our JROTC instructors help us to learn what life may bring us after we may not see them again. And as for my opinion on my instructors, I have to say that I have enormous amount of respect for who they are and what they did.

Tuesday, March 3, 2020

Denounce vs. Renounce

Denounce vs. Renounce Denounce vs. Renounce Denounce vs. Renounce By Mark Nichol What’s the difference between denounce and renounce? Their related Latin ancestors shared a neutral sense, but in English they acquired exclusively condemnatory connotations. Denounce is externally directed one denounces another’s words or deeds while renounce is internally focused one renounces one’s own viewpoints or actions, or is called on to do so. The Latin precursor of denounce, denuntiare, means simply â€Å"to announce† â€Å"to proclaim,† or â€Å"to command,† although in ancient Rome it could also have a negative connotation. Borrowed into English from the Old French verb denoncier, it is invariably accusatory. Denunciate, a more direct descendant of the Latin term, is rare but serves as the basis of the noun form, denunciation. Renounce comes from the Old French term renoncer, in turn derived from the Latin word renuntiare, which is synonymous with denuntiare in the neutral sense, but the English word means â€Å"to abandon a viewpoint or philosophy†; synonyms are forswear and repudiate. The root element of these words, nunt, is related to the Latin word nuntius, meaning â€Å"messenger,† from which was formed the Italian word nuncio, which refers to an envoy of the head of the Roman Catholic Church; it was borrowed into English with this meaning. Two other words formed from this root are announce (the original Latin prefix was ad-, meaning â€Å"to,† as in advertise literally, â€Å"to turn toward† so that it means â€Å"to bring a message†) and pronounce (â€Å"to put an announcement forth†). The latter word’s past-tense verb form, pronounced, also became an adjective meaning â€Å"marked† or â€Å"emphatic.† A variation on announce, more faithful to the original Latin through its association with Catholicism, is annunciate, which is rare, though the equally uncommon annunciation is best known as a proper noun for a church holiday commemorating the angel Gabriel’s announcement to the Virgin Mary that she would bear a child. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Mostly Small But Expressive InterjectionsDo you "orient" yourself, or "orientate" yourself?â€Å"Least,† â€Å"Less,† â€Å"More,† and â€Å"Most†

Saturday, February 15, 2020

I will tell you on the different file Assignment

I will tell you on the different file - Assignment Example This sounds like a feasibility study, but it is actually part of a much bigger picture: What can this farm operation do to become more profitable? Note that the decision about the type of bales would be part of the solution, but not the entire solution. This information is important to the audience because it will influence the way that the smart phone industry goes. If Samsung and other competitors of Apple cannot compete due to lawsuits or fear or breaking patent and copyrights, then Apple will become a virtual monopoly. Samsung will then be faced with withdrawing from the smart phone market completely, and would results in billions of dollars of lost revenue, but more importantly, the lost of a huge customer base. Once Samsung (and other smart phone companies) realize that it cannot compete with Apple, then the market will turn into a virtual monopoly. Another problem to consider is the fact that dropping out of the smart phone market may affect Samsung’s other lines of interest. Samsung’s top executives will be able to use sales figures to determine if any negative press from the court rulings is hurting sales of smart phones. A decision can then be made whether to continue in the smart phone market or withdraw if sales are down and/or Samsung products are banned from certain states or territories. There are still several court injunctions out against Samsung, but Samsung’s sales of smart phones continue to rise. In Q2 of 2012, it was estimated that Samsung had sold more handsets worldwide than Apple had. This is perhaps part of the reason why Apple has been so forceful in going to the

Sunday, February 2, 2020

Sports Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Sports Management - Essay Example As the paper declares motivation often refers to the complex forces or other mechanisms that stimulate one to start and maintain a voluntary activity, aiming towards the achievement of personal goals. Scholars in Organizational Behavior research explain motivational theories from two different perspectives. One is from the content theories of motivation while the other is the process of motivation. Content theories are interested in whatever motivates individuals in the workplace. This discussion stresses that the theory of the hierarchy of needs, developed by Maslow in 1943 suggests that people have specific requirements that are important to human life. The most elementary needs are physiological followed by safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. Maslow’s theory is accepted and used broadly and applies effectively to the sports sector. Need is considered to be a critical factor that determines the benefits of stimulus for an individual. Based on this theory, Knowles also concludes that volunteerism is a means for serving society. Thus, the theory tends to emphasize on the egoistic aspect out of the various types of volunteer motivations. Through this theory, volunteers recognize that they have capabilities, freedom, and confidence to address chronical social problems in society. For instance, the application of this theory has led to an increase in the numbers of volunteers at the Olympic Games from almost zero to 40,917 used duri ng the 2000 Olympic Games held in Sydney.

Saturday, January 25, 2020

Chaucers Canterbury Tales - Comparing the Millers Tale and the Reeves Tale :: comparison compare contrast essays

Comparing the Miller's Tale and the Reeve's Tale  Ã‚      In the conclusion between the Miller's Tale and the Reeve's Tale, the Reeve's Tale is far more insulting and malicious and convincingly closer to the true definition of quiting, then the Miller's Tale. The Reeve's Tale defines what trickery and evildoing and cuckolding is. The Miller's Tale is more of a tale dealing with a form of black 'humor and slapstick comedy, rather than a succession of put-downs which occurred in the Reeve's Tale.   Ã‚  Ã‚   In the Miller's Tale, we see many insults directed towards bow ignorant the man was in choosing the right wife for marriage. He picks out an eighteen year old bombshell, named Allison and John, the carpenter, who marries her says:   Ã‚  Ã‚   This carpenter had married a new wife Not long before, and loved her more than life. She was a girl of eighteen years of age. Jealous he was and kept her in the cage, For he was old and she was wild and young; He thought himself quite likely to be stung.   Not only are their ages apart, but they share no similarities in their lifestyles, pointing to the fact that he is a dimwitted fool. (MiLT 89)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The other quiting of the Reeve in the Miller's Tale is when, once   again, the carpenter is portrayed as a dullard by being totally oblivious to the situation; Allison, his wife, and a man named Nicholas, a man known locally for making love in secret, (which was his talent), are trying to have sexual laissons behind John's back. (MiLT 91). They get John to believe that a great flood, worse than Noah's is coming, and will destroy all of them. This fool by believeing this tale and following them with the preparations protects himself, even though no flood of any sort arises. This is the ultimat act of stupidity! The Reeve's Tale about the Miller is a perfect example of evil and trickery at it's best. The part being that in the end, the trickster becomes tricked over and over againt but the tables turn and the Miller is the real loser having lost his stolen flour and to add insult to injury, he finds out that his wife and daughter have been cuckolded especially after all the jargon about the following:   Ã‚  Ã‚   In order to have Simpkins his relation, The nuns had given her an education.

Friday, January 17, 2020

Child of Divorce Essay

Divorce is becoming a norm in the society nowadays. This refers to the complete termination of marriage between the couple who demands for it. Through the dissolution of the bonds of matrimony, both parties are allowed to marry again (Gallagher, 1996). However, opposing views are prevailing regarding divorce. For those who are in favor of it, divorce can be regarded as the only legitimate remedy when happiness and affection are no longer provided in the marriage (Scanzoni 1965). For those who are against it, divorce causes psychological problems and damage to social cohesion (Diefenbach, 2007). Divorce is not just the story of the couple parting ways but it is more of a story of the children who are products of a divorced marriage. â€Å"Human children need parents longer than any other species and are totally dependent on parents for food, shelter, and protection for the first several years of life. This dependency spawns a fear of abandonment. In divorce, one of the parents leaves. When one parent leaves, the children feel rejected. The loss children feel at divorce is similar to that experienced when a parent dies. Divorce might actually be harder on children because it lacks the concrete cause and finality of death (Bryner, 2001). † This causes most of the children of divorce to be more aggressive, impulsive and develop antisocial behavior compared to children from intact families (Hetherington, 1999). Others also exhibit lower academic performance (Kelly, 1998). However, some children manage to develop without these deleterious effects of divorce. As a matter of fact, these children are found to have less stereotyped sex behavior, greater maturity and greater independence (Emery, 1995). The developmental stage of the child when the divorce of his parents occurs is predictive of the child’s behavior and reaction towards the situation. An infant or a toddler will not react at all to his parents’ divorce because he can’t still comprehend the situation. However, a preschooler will tend to blame himself as the culprit of his parents’ divorce. Because he feels guilty and fears that the remaining parent may also leave him, he becomes more possessive of his parent (Roseby, 1998). For a young school-aged child, the divorce of his parents gives him a sense of responsibility. He feels that he should bring his parents together again and think of strategies that will make his parents interact in any way (Lansky, 1996). On the other hand, older school-aged children tend to blame one parent and take the side of the other parent. They become anxious and worrisome of the situation which makes them prone to illnesses such as headaches, sleeping disorders, chest pains, diabetes and asthma (Kimball, 1994). The reaction is more deleterious with adolescents who entirely mask their reactions. They switch to other outlets such as peers, sex, alcohol and drugs because they hate being bothered by their parents’ lives (Thompson, 1998). I have a friend named Diane. Fourteen years ago, her parents separated by divorce. Back then, she was only turning three and didn’t know anything about the chaotic situation between her parents. She was left to the custody of her mother while her father was just obliged by the court to provide some financial assistance. Everything went well with this arrangement until she entered primary school where she had greater monetary needs. Unfortunately, her father had another family and was compelled to reduce the money sent to her. This was the reason why her mother was obligated to work in order to support her. Because her mother became busy in her work, Diane was always left with her grandmother whenever she was off from school. It was only through her grandmother that everything regarding her family became clear. She hated the fact that her own mother concealed their broken family from her and would always say that her father is just working in a far away place. She realized that she will never have his father back and that her fantasies of having a complete family would never be real. That time, she began to skip classes in school and whenever she would attend a lecture, she never participates in the recitation. She also failed our exams. I was really worried about the big change in her behavior because she used to be the top student of our class. I just learned about her family problem when she never attended classes for a week and her mother came to our school looking for her. One of our classmates revealed that Diane eloped with her boyfriend. I can’t forget the face of Diane’s mother crying and blaming herself for what had happened to her daughter. After that, I never saw Diane again. The last news I heard about her was that she is living with her mother again. She broke up with her boyfriend but gave birth to a baby boy, who, like her, is a child of divorce. Diane’s story is just one of the millions of stories which we can get from the life of a child from a broken family. In her case, the effects of divorce were appalling because of the lack of effective communication. It would have been better if both her parents explained to her the situation and the reasons why they should have divorce. When Diane learned that her parents were already divorced, she was very frustrated because she fantasized of having a complete family when her father returns from work. She also felt betrayal because her mother never told her what’s real. These extreme negative emotions changed her attitude and made her rebel against the situation. Also, Diane’s mother was very preoccupied in her work that’s why she was not able to keep an eye on the performance of her daughter in school. If only she did, maybe she was able to help Diane solve her emotional problems at an early stage. After all, divorce can really cause a big scar but it doesn’t really have to. References: Bryner, C. L. (2001). Children of Divorce. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Practice;14:201–10. Diefenbach, H. and Opp, K. D. (2007). When and Why Do People Think There Should Be a Divorce? http://rss. sagepub. com/cgi/content/abstract/19/4/485. Emery, R. E. and Coiro, M. J. (1995). Divorce: consequences for children. Pediatric Review;16:306 –10. Gallagher, M. (1996). The Abolition of Marriage. Regnery Publishing. Hetherington, E. M. and Stanley-Hagan M. (1999). The adjustment of children with divorced parents: a risk andresiliency perspective. Journal of Child Psychology; 40:129–40. Kelly, J. B. (1998). Marital conflict, divorce, and children’s adjustment. Child Adolescent Psychiatry;7:259 –71. Kimball, G. (1994). How to survive your parents’ divorce: kids’ advice to kids. Chico, California: Equality Press. Lansky, V. (1996). Divorce book for parents helping your child cope with divorce and its aftermath. Minnetonka, MN: Book Peddlers. Roseby, V. and Johnston J. R. (1998). Common developmental threats in high-conflict divorcing families. Child Adolescent Psychiatry;7:295–309. Scanzoni, J. (1965). A Reinquiry into Marital Disorganization. Journal of Marriage and the Family 27: 483–91. Thompson, P. (1998). Adolescents from families of divorce: vulnerability to physiological and psychological disturbances. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Service;36(3):34 –9.

Thursday, January 9, 2020

A Chronology of the Stone Age

The Stone Age in human prehistory also referred to as the Paleolithic Period, is the period between about 2.7 million and 10,000 years ago. Youll see different dates for the starting and ending dates of the Paleolithic periods, in part because were still learning about these ancient occurrences. The Paleolithic is the time when our species Homo sapiens,  developed into the human beings of today. The people who study the past of humans are called archaeologists. Archaeologists study the recent past of our planet and the evolution of physical human beings and their behaviors. Those archaeologists who study the very earliest human beings specialize in the Paleolithic; scientists who study the periods prior to the Paleolithic are paleontologists. The Paleolithic period begins in Africa with the earliest human-like behaviors of crude stone tool manufacture about 2.7 million years ago  and ends with the development of fully modern human hunting and gathering societies. Domestication of plants and animals marks the beginning of modern human society. Leaving Africa After decades of debate, the majority of scientists are now convinced that our earliest human ancestors evolved in Africa. In Europe, where humans finally arrived after about a million years in Africa, the Paleolithic was marked by a cycle of glacial and interglacial periods, during which time glaciers grew and shrank, covering massive portions of land and forcing a cycle of human depopulation and recolonization. Today scholars divide the Paleolithic into three categories, called Lower Paleolithic, Middle Paleolithic, and Upper Paleolithic in Europe and Asia; and Early Stone Age, Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age in Africa. Lower Paleolithic (or Early Stone Age) about 2.7 million-300,000 years ago In Africa, where the earliest humans arose, the Early Stone Age begins some 2.7 million years ago, with the earliest stone tools recognized to date in the Olduvai Gorge of East Africa. These tools were simple fist-sized cores and whole flakes created by two ancient hominids (human ancestors), Paranthropus boisei and Homo habilis. The earliest hominids left Africa about 1.7 million years ago, arriving at sites such as Dmanisi in Georgia, where hominids (probably Homo erectus)  made stone tools suggestive of those from Africa. Human ancestors, as a group, are called  hominids. The species that evolved in the Lower Paleolithic include  Australopithecus,   Homo habilis,   Homo erectus,   and  Homo ergaster, among others.   Middle Paleolithic/Middle Stone Age (about 300,000-45,000 Years Ago) The Middle Paleolithic period (ca 300,000 to 45,000 years ago) witnessed the evolution of Neanderthals and the first anatomically and eventually behaviorally modern Homo sapiens. All of the living members of our species, Homo sapiens, are descended from a single population in Africa. During the Middle Paleolithic, H. sapiens first left from northern Africa to colonize the Levant between about 100,000-90,000 years ago, but those colonies failed. The earliest successful and permanent Homo sapiens occupations outside of Africa date to about 60,000 years ago. Achieving what scholars call behavioral modernity was a long, slow process, but some of the first glimmers arose in the Middle Paleolithic, such as the development of sophisticated stone tools, caring for the elderly, hunting and gathering, and some amount of symbolic or ritual behavior. Upper Paleolithic (Late Stone Age) 45,000-10,000 Years Ago By the Upper Paleolithic (45,000-10,000 years ago), the Neanderthals were in decline, and by 30,000 years ago, they were gone. Modern humans spread all over the planet, reaching the Sahul (Australia) about 50,000 years ago, mainland Asia about 28,000 years ago, and finally the Americas, about 16,000 years ago. The Upper Paleolithic is characterized by fully modern behaviors such as cave art, hunting a range of techniques including bows and arrows, and making a wide range of tools in stone, bone, ivory, and antler. Sources: Bar-Yosef O. 2008. ASIA, WEST - Palaeolithic Cultures. In: Pearsall DM, editor. Encyclopedia of Archaeology. New York: Academic Press. p 865-875. Close AE, and Minichillo T. 2007. ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORDS - Global Expansion 300,000-8000 years ago, Africa. In: Elias SA, editor. Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science. Oxford: Elsevier. p 99-107. Harris JWK, Braun DR, and Pante M. 2007. ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORDS - 2.7 MYR-300,000 years ago in Africa In: Elias SA, editor. Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science. Oxford: Elsevier. p 63-72. Marciniak A. 2008. EUROPE, CENTRAL AND EASTERN. In: Pearsall DM, editor. Encyclopedia of Archaeology. New York: Academic Press. p 1199-1210. McNabb J. 2007. ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORDS - 1.9 MYR-300,000 years ago in Europe In: Elias SA, editor. Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science. Oxford: Elsevier. p 89-98. Petraglia MD, and Dennell R. 2007. ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORDS - Global Expansion 300,000-8000 years ago, Asia In: Elias SA, editor. Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science. Oxford: Elsevier. p 107-118. Shen C. 2008. ASIA, EAST - China, Paleolithic Cultures. In: Pearsall DM, editor. Encyclopedia of Archaeology. New York: Academic Press. p 570-597.